x64 Mnemonics

Data Processing Instructions:

1. ADD (Addition)

   • Description: Adds two operands and stores the result in the destination operand.

   • Example: ADD RAX, RBX

     
     

     Adds the value in RBX to RAX, storing the result in RAX.

2. SUB (Subtraction)

   • Description: Subtracts the second operand from the first operand and stores the result in the destination operand.

   • Example: SUB RAX, RBX

     
     

     Subtracts the value in RBX from RAX and stores the result in RAX.

3. MUL (Unsigned Multiplication)

   • Description: Multiplies the accumulator register (RAX/EAX/AX) by the operand, storing the result in RDX:RAX.

   • Example: MUL RBX

     
     

     Multiplies the value in RAX by RBX, storing the result in RDX:RAX.

4. IMUL (Signed Multiplication)

   • Description: Multiplies the accumulator register (RAX/EAX/AX) by the operand, storing the result in RDX:RAX (signed).

   • Example: IMUL RAX, RBX

     
     

     Multiplies the value in RAX by RBX, storing the result in RDX:RAX.

5. DIV (Unsigned Division)

   • Description: Divides the value in the accumulator register (RDX:RAX) by the operand and stores the result in RAX (quotient) and RDX (remainder).

   • Example: DIV RBX

     
     

     Divides the value in RDX:RAX by RBX, storing the quotient in RAX and the remainder in RDX.

6. IDIV (Signed Division)

   • Description: Divides the value in the accumulator register (RDX:RAX) by the operand (signed division), storing the quotient in RAX and the remainder in RDX.

   • Example: IDIV RBX

     
     

     Divides the value in RDX:RAX by RBX, storing the quotient in RAX and the remainder in RDX.

7. INC (Increment)

   • Description: Increments the operand by 1.

   • Example: INC RAX

     
     

     Increments the value in RAX by 1.

8. DEC (Decrement)

   • Description: Decrements the operand by 1.

   • Example: DEC RAX

     
     

     Decrements the value in RAX by 1.

9. AND (Bitwise AND)

   • Description: Performs a bitwise AND between two operands and stores the result in the destination operand.

   • Example: AND RAX, RBX

     
     

     Performs a bitwise AND between RAX and RBX, storing the result in RAX.

10. OR (Bitwise OR)

    • Description: Performs a bitwise OR between two operands and stores the result in the destination operand.

    • Example: OR RAX, RBX

      
      

      Performs a bitwise OR between RAX and RBX, storing the result in RAX.

11. XOR (Bitwise XOR)

    • Description: Performs a bitwise XOR between two operands and stores the result in the destination operand.

    • Example: XOR RAX, RBX

      
      

      Performs a bitwise XOR between RAX and RBX, storing the result in RAX.

12. NOT (Bitwise NOT)

    • Description: Performs a bitwise NOT (inversion) of the operand.

    • Example: NOT RAX

      
      

      Performs a bitwise NOT on RAX, inverting all bits.

13. NEG (Negate)

    • Description: Negates the operand (computes the two's complement).

    • Example: NEG RAX

      
      

      Negates the value in RAX.

Shift and Rotate Instructions:

1. SHL (Shift Left)

   • Description: Shifts the bits of the operand to the left, inserting zeros into the least significant bits.

   • Example: SHL RAX, 1

     
     

     Shifts the bits of RAX to the left by 1, filling with zeros.

2. SHR (Shift Right)

   • Description: Shifts the bits of the operand to the right, inserting zeros into the most significant bits.

   • Example: SHR RAX, 1

     
     

     Shifts the bits of RAX to the right by 1, filling with zeros.

3. SAR (Arithmetic Shift Right)

   • Description: Shifts the bits of the operand to the right, preserving the sign bit (for signed integers).

   • Example: SAR RAX, 1

     
     

     Shifts the bits of RAX to the right by 1, preserving the sign bit.

4. ROL (Rotate Left)

   • Description: Rotates the bits of the operand to the left.

   • Example: ROL RAX, 1

     
     

     Rotates the bits of RAX to the left by 1.

5. ROR (Rotate Right)

   • Description: Rotates the bits of the operand to the right.

   • Example: ROR RAX, 1

     
     

     Rotates the bits of RAX to the right by 1.

Load and Store Instructions:

1. MOV (Move)

   • Description: Copies data from one operand to another.

   • Example: MOV RAX, RBX

     
     

     Copies the value in RBX to RAX.

2. PUSH (Push onto stack)

   • Description: Pushes a value onto the stack.

   • Example: PUSH RAX

     
     

     Pushes the value in RAX onto the stack.

3. POP (Pop from stack)

   • Description: Pops a value from the stack into a register.

   • Example: POP RAX

     
     

     Pops the top value from the stack into RAX.

4. LEA (Load Effective Address)

   • Description: Loads the effective address of a memory operand into a register.

   • Example: LEA RAX, [RBX + RCX*4]

     
     

     Loads the address calculated from RBX + RCX*4 into RAX.

5. MOVZX (Move with Zero Extension)

   • Description: Moves a value and zero-extends it to a larger size.

   • Example: MOVZX RAX, BYTE [RBX]

     
     

     Moves the byte at the memory address in RBX into RAX, zero-extending it.

6. MOVSX (Move with Sign Extension)

   • Description: Moves a value and sign-extends it to a larger size.

   • Example: MOVSX RAX, BYTE [RBX]

     
     

     Moves the byte at the memory address in RBX into RAX, sign-extending it.

Branch Instructions:

1. JMP (Jump)

   • Description: Unconditionally jumps to a target address.

   • Example: JMP label

     
     

     Jumps to the instruction at the label.

2. JE (Jump if Equal)

   • Description: Jumps to a target address if the zero flag is set (i.e., if the two operands were equal).

   • Example: JE label

     
     

     Jumps to the label if the zero flag is set.

3. JNE (Jump if Not Equal)

   • Description: Jumps to a target address if the zero flag is cleared (i.e., if the operands were not equal).

   • Example: JNE label

     
     

     Jumps to the label if the zero flag is cleared.

4. JL (Jump if Less)

   • Description: Jumps to a target address if the signed comparison is less.

   • Example: JL label

     
     

     Jumps to the label if the signed comparison is less.

5. JLE (Jump if Less or Equal)

   • Description: Jumps to a target address if the signed comparison is less or equal.

   • Example: JLE label

     
     

     Jumps to the label if the signed comparison is less or equal.

6. JGE (Jump if Greater or Equal)

   • Description: Jumps to a target address if the signed comparison is greater or equal.

   • Example: JGE label

     
     

     Jumps to the label if the signed comparison is greater or equal.

7. JMP (Jump)

   • Description: An unconditional jump to a specified address.

   • Example: JMP label

     
     

     Jumps to label unconditionally.

Comparison Instructions:

1. CMP (Compare)

   • Description: Compares two operands by subtracting them and updating the flags.

   • Example: CMP RAX, RBX

     
     

     Compares the values in RAX and RBX.

2. TEST (Test)

   • Description: Performs a bitwise AND between two operands and updates the flags.

   • Example: TEST RAX, RBX

     
     

     Performs a bitwise AND between RAX and RBX and updates the flags.

Stack Management Instructions:

1. CALL (Call Function)

   • Description: Calls a function, pushing the return address onto the stack.

   • Example: CALL func

     
     

     Calls the function func.

2. RET (Return from Function)

   • Description: Pops the return address from the stack and returns to that address.

   • Example: RET

     
     

     Pops the return address and returns to it.

Miscellaneous Instructions:

1. NOP (No Operation)

   • Description: Does nothing; typically used for padding or alignment.

   • Example: NOP

     
     

     No operation.

2. HLT (Halt)

   • Description: Stops the processor.

   • Example: HLT

     
     

     Halts execution.

3. CLD (Clear Direction Flag)

   • Description: Clears the direction flag, ensuring string operations auto-increment addresses.

   • Example: CLD

     
     

     Clears the direction flag.

4. STD (Set Direction Flag)

   • Description: Sets the direction flag, ensuring string operations auto-decrement addresses.

   • Example: STD

     
     

     Sets the direction flag.

System Instructions:

1. SYSENTER (System Enter)

   • Description: Used for fast system calls.

   • Example: SYSENTER

2. SYSCALL (System Call)

   • Description: Triggers a system call.

   • Example: SYSCALL

     
     

     Issues a system call to the operating system.

This list covers a wide range of x86_64 mnemonics, including instructions for arithmetic, logic, shifts, branching, stack management, system calls, and more.