Git Cheat Sheet

Here is an extensive cheat sheet for using Git:

Basic Commands

Initializing a Repository

git init

Initialize a new Git repository.

Cloning a Repository

git clone <repository_url>

Clone an existing repository.

Checking the Status

git status

Show the working directory status.

Adding Changes

git add <file>
git add .

Add a file or all changes to the staging area.

Committing Changes

git commit -m "Commit message"

Commit staged changes with a message.

Viewing the Commit History

git log

Show the commit history.

Branching and Merging

Creating a New Branch

git branch <branch_name>

Create a new branch.

Switching Branches

git checkout <branch_name>

Switch to a different branch.

Merging Branches

git merge <branch_name>

Merge a branch into the current branch.

Deleting a Branch

git branch -d <branch_name>

Delete a branch.

Remote Repositories

Adding a Remote

git remote add <name> <url>

Add a new remote repository.

Fetching Changes

git fetch <remote>

Fetch changes from a remote repository.

Pulling Changes

git pull <remote> <branch>

Fetch and merge changes from a remote branch.

Pushing Changes

git push <remote> <branch>

Push changes to a remote branch.

Undoing Changes

Resetting Changes

git reset --soft HEAD~1
git reset --mixed HEAD~1
git reset --hard HEAD~1

Reset changes at different levels.

Restoring Files

git restore <file>
git restore --staged <file>

Restore files to the last committed state or unstage them.

Reverting Commits

git revert <commit_hash>

Create a new commit that undoes a previous commit.

Stashing

Stashing Changes

git stash

Stash changes in the working directory.

Applying Stashed Changes

git stash apply

Apply stashed changes.

Listing Stashes

git stash list

List all stashes.

Submodules

Adding a Submodule

git submodule add <repository_url> <path>

Add a new submodule.

Updating Submodules

git submodule update --init --recursive

Initialize and update submodules.

Running Commands in Submodules

git submodule foreach <command>

Run a command in each submodule.

Worktrees

Creating a Worktree

git worktree add <path> <branch>

Create a new worktree for a branch.

Listing Worktrees

git worktree list

List all worktrees.

Removing a Worktree

git worktree remove <path>

Remove a worktree.

Advanced Index Manipulation

Adding to the Index

git update-index --add <file>

Add a file to the index.

Marking as Assumed Unchanged

git update-index --assume-unchanged <file>

Mark a file as "assume unchanged".

This cheat sheet covers a wide range of Git commands and their usage. It can serve as a quick reference guide for beginners and experienced users alike.

Last modified: 29 November 2024